Small City Dreaming

A JustJobs Network initiative

Today throughout the Global South, many small cities are growing faster-economically and demographically-than bigger metropolitan areas. This research project examines the way small cities shape the employment outcomes of migrant youth in India and Indonesia-the two largest democracies in the developing world.

Even though policymakers and researchers often train their focus on megacities, small cities host large shares of the urban population in emerging economies and play a major role in supporting the development process. Today throughout the Global South, many small cities are growing faster-economically and demographically-than bigger metropolitan areas. This research project examines the way small cities shape the employment outcomes of migrant youth in India and Indonesia-the two largest democracies in the developing world.

As both countries hope to leverage their demographic dividends by employing young people in productive jobs, their small cities lie on the front lines of development challenges surrounding urbanization, migration and work. Using a case city approach with both surveys and qualitative research, the project looks at economic opportunity and job pathways in small cities, and especially the ways in which gender and migration shape the nature of these opportunities.

Further, the project considers whether current governance and policy frameworks support the ability of small cities to enable social and economic mobility-offering concrete recommendations for policy reforms toward that aim. This initiative is made possible through generous funding from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Think Tank Initiative (TTI).

Our Partners

Pusat Pelayanan Perencanaan Pembangunan Partisipatif (Center for Participatory Development and Planning) is a research center located in Diponegoro University (UNDIP), in the department of regional planning
PIKUL is a non-profit, non-governmental organization founded in 1998 to strengthen local capacity and institutions in Eastern Indonesia. At present, PIKUL serves its mandate by facilitating “champions” and communities to create and achieve their resilient vision.

Citizen’s Forum for Mangalore Development

Citizen’s Forum for Mangalore Development is a civil society group that works on public awareness and accountability on a range of issues including environment, basic services and infrastructure, as well as social harmony in the city of Mangalore.
Manthan Sanstha Kotri is an NGO that works on empowering marginalized rural communities in Ajmer and Nagaur districts in Rajasthan, India. It started as a social work and research center for Barefoot College, based in Tilonia, and became an independent organisation in 1998.

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      Showing 1-10 of 25 results

      Perspective
      Urbanization 17 March 2020

      Planning the Small City: Striking the Balance Between Big Projects and Local Agency

      Across the world, the nature of urban planning and city governance depends a lot on how power is distributed among tiers of government. India and Indonesia have both pursued strategies to "decentralize" their governments and invest local authorities with more power. Those policies and their effects, however, look different across the two countries.

      Film
      Urbanization, Migration 17 February 2020

      Vivek

      Besides passion, talent and hard work, young entrepreneurs like Vivek also need patronage to succeed. They eventually seek to give back to their communities by creating opportunities for others.

      Film
      Urbanization, Migration 17 February 2020

      Sonam

      In Kishangarh’s deeply patriarchal society, Sonam’s story tells of the ambition of young women who chart new pathways without disregarding tradition.

      Film
      Migration 10 February 2020

      Introduction to 4 case cities

      The research project "Role of Small Cities" examines the way small cities shape the employment outcomes of migrant youth in India and Indonesia—the two largest democracies in the developing world. As both countries hope to leverage their demographic dividends by employing young people in productive jobs, their small cities lie on the front lines of development challenges surrounding urbanization, migration and work. This short clip based on Amit Mahanti's documentary film "Small City Dreaming" introduces you to the 4 cities in India and Indonesia (Mangalore, Kishangarh, Kupang, and Semarang) that were part of this project.

      Report
      Migration 7 January 2020

      Mangalore: The Front Lines of India’s Employment, Migration and Urban Challenges

      This report focuses on Mangalore, Karnataka to highlight dispersed urbanisation and job opportunities outside large cities. It provides data and makes policy recommendations for economic development and inclusive job markets.

      by Mukta Naik, Gregory Randolph
      Report
      Migration 3 January 2020

      Kishangarh: The Front Lines of India’s Employment, Migration and Urban Challenges

      This research project, of which this city profile is a part, turns its attention to the ‘where’ of the demographic dividend – what kind of geographies are experiencing the transition of youth from agriculture to non-farm work?

      by Mukta Naik, Gregory Randolph
      Perspective
      Migration 29 October 2019

      Giving Migrants their Due

      In India, the constitution guarantees freedom of movement and migrants are an integral part of India’s workforce, across a range of sectors. However, they remain unable to access many benefits that are due and owed to them, even as our social protection architecture is becoming stronger. Some element of portability and convergence is being introduced, but many benefits continue to be place-specific, notably food security provided through the targeted public distribution system (TPDS). Based on the migrant-inclusiveness of social protection schemes we suggest that clearer legal articulation, interstate collaborative frameworks, sensitisation of the ground level bureaucracy and involvement of civil society organisations are all necessary to address this issue. We conclude with specific recommendations for the construction sector.

      by Partha Mukhopadhyay, Mukta Naik
      Perspective
      Urbanization, Migration 7 June 2019

      India must shun Nehruvian metropolis bias & turn to small cities for urban economic growth

      India’s urban policy attributes the messiness to migrants, slums and poverty, and its preferred antidote is a Chandigarh-like order.

      by Mukta Naik